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squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth

see oral cancer Etiology: - tobacco, including chewing tobacco - alcohol further increases risk - human papilloma virus (HPV) Epidemiology: - most common type of oral cancer Pathology: - histopathology (see ref [1] for image) - hyperchromic, pleomorphic cells with a keratin pearl in connective tissue, case report [1] Clinical manifestations: - non-healing papule, erosion or ulceration in the mouth - non healing ulcer with white exudate [2] - may appear as a white blob on the tongue [2] - may be painful - cervical lymphadenopathy - may not be palpable [2] * see ref [1] for image Laboratory: - tissue biopsy Radiology: - computed tomography* - positron emission tomography* * evaluate for metastases Differential diagnosis: - oral hairy leukoplakia - caused by EBV generally in patients with HIV1 infection - white, corrugated, hairy looking area on side of tongue - oral lichen planus - white, lacy pattern on dorsal tongue or as shallow red ulcers - generally due to medications or chronic trauma - Behcet disease - generally manifests in patients in their 20s - recurrent oral ulcers may last 3 weeks, not 2 months - secondary syphilis: - whitish, wart-like lesions (condyloma latum) on mucous membranes - resolution in 3-6 weeks Management: - surgical resection - segmental mandibulectomy* - selective neck dissection* * case report [1]

Related

lip cancer

Specific

squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

General

oral cancer (oropharyngeal cancer) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

References

  1. Chaubal TV, Bapat RA Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Mouth N Engl J Med 2017; 377:1188. September 21, 2017 PMID: 28930502 Free full text http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMicm1701886
  2. NEJM Knowledge+ Gastroenterology
  3. Lambert R, Sauvaget C, de Camargo Cancela M, Sankaranarayanan R. Epidemiology of cancer from the oral cavity and oropharynx. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Aug;23(8):633-41. PMID: 21654320 Review.
  4. Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. An epidemic of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and aspects of treatment and prevention. Anticancer Res. 2011 May;31(5):1515-9. PMID: 21617204 Review.