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somatostatin; growth hormone release-inhibiting factor; contains: somatostatin-28, somatostatin-14 (SST)
Function:
- inhibits release of:
- growth hormone (somatotropin)
- thyrotropin
- motilin
- neurotensin
- substance P
- glucagon
- insulin
- secretin
- gastrin
- vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)
- CCK
- pancreatic polypeptide
- gastric-inhibitory polypeptide
- enteroglucagon
- also inhibits action of these hormones on their target tissues
Structure:
- 14 & 28 aa forms
Expression:
- somatostatin is secreted by delta cells found in the hypothalamus, antrum & corpus of stomach, small intestine & large intestine & pancreas
Pharmacology:
- synthetic analog known as octreotide or SMS 201-995 is available under the name Sandostatin (Novartis)
- it is used for a variety of disorders including treatment of acromegaly (see octreotide)
Interactions
molecular events
Related
octreotide (Sandostatin)
pentetreotide (OctreoScan)
somatostatin Ag in tissue
somatostatin gene
somatostatin receptor
General
pancreatic hormone
paracrine hormone
pituitary hormone release inhibiting hormone
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 116 aa
entity length = 14 aa
entity length = 28 aa
MW = 13 kD
MW = 3.15 kD
COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment
SECRETED-BY: delta cell (D cell)
WITHIN: islets of Langerhans
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-24}
cysteine residue {C105}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C116}
cysteine residue {C116}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C105}
MISC-INFO: lifetime 1 MIN {1/2-LIFE}
1-8 HOURS {1/2-LIFE}
Database Correlations
OMIM 182450
UniProt P61278
Pfam PF03002
Entrez Gene 6750
Kegg hsa:6750
References
- Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods,
J.B. Henry (ed), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia,
PA. 1991, pg 174
- Weber et al J Gerontol 47 B18 1992
- Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd ed.
Burtis CA & Ashwood ER (eds), WB Saunders Co,
Philadelphia PA, 1993, pg 1589
- Entrez Gene :accession 6750
- UniProt :accession P61278
- Wikipedia; Note: somatostatin entry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/somatostatin