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snoring

Loud, rattling, inspiratory noise during sleep. Etiology: 1) vibration of the pendulous palate (including uvula) 2) vibration of the vocal cords Epidemiology: 1) 60% of middle-aged men 2) 30% of middle-aged women 3) 12% of children, 22% of hyperactive children [3] Clinical manifestations: - generally asymptomatic (except for spouse) Special laboratory: - polysomnography for suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)* * OSA may be suspected on the basis of snoring, hypertension, obesity, low SaO2 on room air [4]; MKSAP19 differs on indications for polysomnography (see OSA) [3] Complications: - obstructive sleep apnea - linked to ADHD & depression in preschool children [4] Management: - oral appliances - oropharyngeal exercises may be effective [5]

Related

obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) upper airway resistance syndrome

General

sign/symptom sleep disordered breathing (SDB)

References

  1. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
  2. Stedman's Medical Dictionary 26th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995
  3. Journal Watch 22(8):65, 2002 Chervin RD, Archbold KH, Dillon JE et al Inattention, hyperactivity, and symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatrics 109:449, 2002 PMID: 11875140
  4. Beebe DW et al Presistent snoring in preschool children: Predictors and Behavioral and Developental Correlates Pediatrics August 13, 2012 PMID: 22891224 Pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2012/08/08/peds.2012-0045.full.pdf+html
  5. Ieto V, Kayamori F, Montes MI et al Effects of Oropharyngeal Exercises on Snoring: A Randomized Trial. Chest. 2015 Sep 1;148(3):683-91. PMID: 25950418