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gamma-synuclein; persyn; breast cancer-specific gene 1 protein; synoretin; SR (SNCG, BCSG1, PERSYN PRSN)
Function:
- role in neurofilament network integrity
- may be involved in modulating axonal architecture during development & in the adult
- in vitro, increases susceptibility of neurofilament-H to Ca+2-dependent proteases (putative)
- may also function in modulating the keratin network in skin
- activates the MAPK & Elk-1 signal transduction pathway
- phosphorylation by GRK5 appears to occur on residues distinct from the residue phosphorylated by other kinases
- may be a centrosome-associated protein
Structure: belongs to the synuclein family
Compartment:
- cytoplasm, perinuclear region, centrosome spindle
- associated with centrosomes in several interphase cells
- in mitotic cells, localized to the poles of the spindle
- present throughout nerve cell in contrast to alpha-synuclein & beta-synucleins which concentrate in nerve terminals
Expression:
- high levels of mRNA found in brain particularly substantia nigra
- also expressed in corpus callosum, heart, skeletal muscle, ovary, testis, colon & spleen
- weak expression in pancreas, kidney & lung
Pathology:
- high levels of mRNA seen in advanced breast carcinomas.
- found in axonal spheroids of Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome.
Interactions
molecular events
General
synuclein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 127 aa
MW = 13 kD
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
cell nucleus
MOTIF: 4 X 11 AA tandem repeats of [EGSA]-K-T-K- [EQ]-[GQ]-V-X(4) {20-67}
MOTIF: consensus repeat {20-30}
consensus repeat {31-41}
consensus repeat {42-56}
consensus repeat {57-67}
Ser phosphorylation site {S124}
Database Correlations
OMIM 602998
UniProt O76070
Pfam PF01387
Entrez Gene 6623
Kegg hsa:6623
References
- Goedert M
Alpha-synuclein and neurodegenerative diseases.
Nature Reviews neuroscience 2:492-501, 2001
PMID: 11433374
- Entrez Gene :accession 6623
- UniProt :accession O76070
- Atlas of Genetics & Cytogenetics in Oncology & Haematology
http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/genes/SNCGID42343ch10q23.html