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recreational screen time

A collection of activities related to recreational viewing of electronic device screens, computers, television, cell phones. Epidemiology: - leisure computer use of >= 1 hour per day increased for all age groups - prevalence among adults increased from 29% to 50% from 2003 to 2016 [7] - > 50% of people watched 2 hours or more of television or videos daily [7] Complications: - links to physical, social, & mental health outcomes mixed regarding internet gaming disorder [4] - screen time is linked with adiposity [1] - more screen time associated with behavioral problems in preschoolers [6] - more screen time at 1 year of age is associated with developmental delays in communication % problem-solving at ages 2 & 4 years [9] Management: - children < 18 months of age: no screen time except video-chatting. [3] - 18-24 months: high-quality content & apps only (PBS Kids) - watch with children [3] - children under age 2 years should be discouraged from having any screen time - 2-5 years: limit high-quality screen time to < 1 hour/day [3] - screen time for 2- to 4-year-olds should be limited to <= 1 hour/day [8] - infants should get at least 30 minutes of tummy time (while awake) spread throughout the day and shouldn't be exposed to screens [8] - parents limit children's screen time to <= 2 hours a day - children should not have TVs or internet-connected devices in their bedrooms [2] Notes: - limited screen time associated with better cognition in children [5]

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cell phone gaming disorder Internet television

References

  1. Barnett TA, Kelly AS, Young DR et al Sedentary Behaviors in Today's Youth: Approaches to the Prevention and Management of Childhood Obesity: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. Aug 6, 2018 PMID: 30354382 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000591
  2. American Academy of Pediatrics.Policy Statement. Oct 2013. Children, Adolescents and the Media. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/10/24/peds.2013-2656.full.pdf+html
  3. Young K, Sofair A, Chavey WE Pediatrics Group Offers New Media Use Guidance for Kids. Physician's First Watch, Oct 21, 2016 David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief Massachusetts Medical Society http://www.jwatch.org - COUNCIL ON COMMUNICATIONS AND MEDIA Media Use in School-Aged Children and Adolescents Pediatrics Oct 2016, e20162592; PMID: 27940794 - Chassiakos Y, Radesky J, Christakis D et al, COUNCIL ON COMMUNICATIONS AND MEDIA Children and Adolescents and Digital Media Pediatrics Oct 2016, e20162593 PMID: 27940795
  4. Przybylski AK et al. Internet gaming disorder: Investigating the clinical relevance of a new phenomenon. Am J Psychiatry 2016 Nov 4; PMID: 27809571
  5. Walsh JJ, Barnes JD, Cameron JD et al Associations between 24 hour movement behaviours and global cognition in US children: a cross-sectional observational study. Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Sept 26, 2018 PMID: 30268792 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(18)30278-5/fulltext - Bustamantea EE Convergent influences of lifestyle behaviour on neurocognitive development in children. Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Sept 27, 2018 PMID: 30268791 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352464218303055
  6. Tamana SK, Ezeugwu V, Chikuma J et al Screen-time is associated with inattention problems in preschoolers: Results from the CHILD birth cohort study. PMID: 30995220 Free Article https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0213995
  7. Yang L, Cao C, Kantor ED et al Trends in Sedentary Behavior Among the US Population, 2001-2016. JAMA. 2019;321(16):1587-1597. PMID: 31012934 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2731178
  8. World Health Organization (WHO). April 24, 2019 To grow up healthy, children need to sit less and play more. New WHO guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age. https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-04-2019-to-grow-up-healthy-children-need-to-sit-less-and-play-more - World Health Organization (WHO). 2019 GUIDELINES ONPHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SEDENTARY BEHAVIOUR AND SLEEPFOR CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311664/9789241550536-eng.pdf
  9. Henderson J Toddlers' Screen Time Linked to Delayed Development. More time on devices at 1 year was associated with specific delays at 2 and 4 years. MedPage Today August 21, 2023 https://www.medpagetoday.com/pediatrics/generalpediatrics/105970 - Takahashi I, Obara T, Ishikuro M et al Screen Time at Age 1 Year and Communication and Problem-Solving Developmental Delay at 2 and 4 Years. JAMA Pediatr. 2023 Aug 21;e233057. PMID: 37603356 PMCID: PMC10442786 Free PMC article https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2808593