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schizotypal personality disorder
Pathology:
- poor understanding of interpersonal relationships
- inability to interpret behaviors & motivation
Clinical manifestations:
- characteristic appearance, behaviors, & beliefs that are strange, unusual or inappropriate
- usually few, if any, close relationships
- elderly:
- beliefs can become delusional & lead to conflict with others
- relationships with caregivers can be strained or absent
Complications:
- anxiety
- depression
- psychosis in response to psychosocial stress
- social isolation
- schizophrenia (rare)
Management:
- assess for & treat comorbid psychosis
- do not force social interactions
- offer support & problem-solving assistance
- do not challenge paranoid ideation
- solicit & empathize with emotions, turmoil, fear
- cognitive behavioral therapy
- antipsychotics as needed
- antidpressants as needed
- anxiolytics as needed
General
cluster A personality disorder
References
- Geriatric Review Syllabus, 7th edition
Parada JT et al (eds)
American Geriatrics Society, 2010
- Wikipedia: Schizotypal personality disorder
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizotypal_personality_disorder
- Mayo Clinic: Schizotypal personality disorder
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/schizotypal-personality-disorder/basics/definition/con-20027949