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rhinosporidiosis
Etiology:
- Rhinosporidium seeberi
Epidemiology:
1) children & young adults most commonly affected
2) disease may occur at any age
3) incidence higher in males than females
4) history generally significant for exposure to streams or pools
5) endemic in India & Sri Lanka
- infection also occurs in other parts of the world, including Africa & South America [2]
Pathology:
- multiple thick-walled sporangia in various stages of maturation, surrounded by dense inflammation (case report) [2]
Clinical manifestations:
1) polyps or other manifestations of hyperplasia on mucosal surfaces
2) pink-purple friable lesion may be visible in polyps
3) reddish, friable mucosal polyp, commonly involving the nasal cavity
- bleeds profusely on touch
- oropharynx, conjunctiva, rectum, & external genitalia may be affected
4) obstruction & bleeding from naris (case report) [2]
- red, granular, pedunculated, nonpulsatile mass obstructing nasal cavity
* image [2]
Laboratory:
1) direct examination of polyp for sporangia, indicative of Rhinosporum seebri
2) hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) stain
3) cultures NOT successful
* histopathology [2]
Management:
- excision of mass, cauterize base of lesion
Related
Rhinosporidium seeberi
General
granulomatous disease
mycosis; fungal infection
References
- Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed.,
W.B. Saunders, 1995
- Singh CA, Sakthivel P.
Rhinosporidiosis
N Engl J Med 2019; 380:1359. April 4.
PMID: 30943339
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMicm1811820