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resveratrol

melting point: 253-255 C. Off-white powder from methanol. Component of red wine, grapes, peanuts & other plants. Thought to be major health benefit of red wine. Heat pasteurization may degrade resveratrol in grape juice 1-2 mg of resveratrol in 5 oz of red wine 0.25 mg of resveratrol in 1 cup of raw peanuts Resveratrol levels achieved with a Western diet do not have a substantial influence on longevity or other health outcomes [13] Extends life span of: yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae[ 1] Caenorhabditis elegans [3] Drosophila melanogaster [3] mice fed high-calorie diet# [8] # 22 mg/kg/day more effect than 5 mg/kg/day Dosage: - 10-500 mg QD - effective dosage in humans may be 300-1600 mg/day Pharmacokinetics: 1) metabolized in liver 2) 1/2life of 14 minutes - glucuronidation extends 1/2life to 9 hours Mechanism of action: Resveratrol 1) increases sirtuin-1 dependent deacetylation of p53 2) inhibits COX-1 & to a much lesser extent COX-2 [5] 3) induces protein kinase C* 4) may stimulate apoptosis during inflammation [7] 5) protects against ischemic reperfusion injury [6] 6) may share common effect with calorie restriction through activation of SIRT1 * resveratrol may inhibit amyloid A4 peptide (Abeta) toxicity - via induction of protein kinase C [4] - via induction of SIRT1 with subsequent inhibition of ROCK1 & activation of APP-alpha secretase [10,11] * resveratrol 1000 mg BID is safe & well tolerated in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) - resveratrol diminishes Abeta1-40 in CSF & plasma without effect on Abeta1-40 in CSF - resveratrol increases brain volume loss & cerebral ventricle volume [14] Apparently only trans isomer active

General

polyphenol

Properties

SIZE: MW = 228.2 GRAMS/MOLE

Database Correlations

PUBCHEM correlations

References

  1. Howitz KT et al, Nature (Aug 24) 2003 PMID: 12939617
  2. Merck Index, I2th ed, Merck & Co, Rahway NJ, 1996 # 8321
  3. Wood JG, Rogina B, Lavu S, Howitz K, Helfand SL, Tatar M, Sinclair D. Sirtuin activators mimic caloric restriction and delay ageing in metazoans. Nature. 2004 Jul 14 [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 15254550
  4. Han YS, Zheng WH, Bastianetto S, Chabot JG, Quirion R. Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol against beta-amyloid- induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampal neurons: involvement of protein kinase C. Br J Pharmacol. 2004 Mar;141(6):997-1005. PMID: 15028639
  5. Szewczuk LM, Forti L, Stivala LA, Penning TM. Resveratrol is a peroxidase-mediated inactivator of COX-1 but not COX-2: a mechanistic approach to the design of COX-1 selective agents. J Biol Chem. 2004 May 21;279(21):22727-37. Epub 2004 Mar 12. PMID: 15020596
    1. Hung LM, Su MJ, Chen JK. Resveratrol protects myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through both no-dependent and no-independent mechanisms. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Mar 15;36(6):774-81. PMID: 14990356
    2. Kiziltepe U, Turan NN, Han U, Ulus AT, Akar F. Resveratrol, a red wine polyphenol, protects spinal cord from ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Vasc Surg. 2004 Jul;40(1):138-45. PMID: 15218474
  7. Chen Y, Tseng SH, Lai HS, Chen WJ. Resveratrol-induced cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in neuroblastoma cells and antitumor effects on neuroblastoma in mice. Surgery. 2004 Jul;136(1):57-66. PMID: 15232540 - Su JL, Lin MT, Hong CC, Chang CC, Shiah SG, Wu CW, Chen ST, Chau YP, Kuo ML. Resveratrol induces FasL-related apoptosis through Cdc42 activation of ASK1/JNK-dependent signaling pathway in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Carcinogenesis. 2004 Jun 24 [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 15217905 - Martin AR, Villegas I, La Casa C, de la Lastra CA. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grapes, suppresses oxidative damage and stimulates apoptosis during early colonic inflammation in rats. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Apr 1;67(7):1399-410. PMID: 15013856
  8. Baur JA, Pearson KJ, Price NL, Jamieson HA, Lerin C, Kalra A, Prabhu VV, Allard JS, Lopez-Lluch G, Lewis K, Pistell PJ, Poosala S, Becker KG, Boss O, Gwinn D, Wang M, Ramaswamy S, Fishbein KW, Spencer RG, Lakatta EG, Le Couteur D, Shaw RJ, Navas P, Puigserver P, Ingram DK, de Cabo R, Sinclair DA. Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high- calorie diet. Nature. 2006 Nov 1; [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 17086191 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05354
  9. Prescriber's Letter 14(1): 2007 Resveratrol, the 'Wine Pill' Detail-Document#: 230110 (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
  10. Kaeberlein M, McDonagh T, Heltweg B, Hixon J, Westman EA, Caldwell SD, Napper A, Curtis R, DiStefano PS, Fields S, Bedalov A, Kennedy BK. Substrate-specific activation of sirtuins by resveratrol. J Biol Chem. 2005 Apr 29;280(17):17038-45. Epub 2005 Jan 31. PMID: 15684413
  11. Qin W, Yang T, Ho L, Zhao Z, Wang J, Chen L, Zhao W, Thiyagarajan M, MacGrogan D, Rodgers JT, Puigserver P, Sadoshima J, Deng H, Pedrini S, Gandy S, Sauve AA, Pasinetti GM. Neuronal SIRT1 activation as a novel mechanism underlying the prevention of Alzheimer disease amyloid neuropathology by calorie restriction. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 4;281(31):21745-54. Epub 2006 Jun 2. PMID: 16751189
  12. Quick Facts Sheet: Resveratrol and Longevinex http://www.longevinex.com/article.asp?story=Quick%20Facts%20Sheet%20Resveratrol%20and%20Longevinex
  13. Semba RD et al Resveratrol Levels and All-Cause Mortality in Older Community- Dwelling Adults. JAMA Intern Med. Published online May 12, 2014. PMID: 24819981 http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1868537
  14. Turner RS et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of resveratrol for Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2015 Sep 11; PMID: 26362286