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renal endoscopy with biopsy
Indications:
1) to determine the etiology & prognosis of patients with > 2 grams/day non-nephrotic range proteinuria
2) nephrotic range proteinuria
3) microscopic hematuria*
- glomerulonephritis
4) progressive renal insufficiency
5) acute renal failure lasting 3-4 weeks
6) atypical course of diabetic nephropathy
7) undiagnosed systemic disease with renal involvement
8) renal transplantation dysfunction
9) evaluation of renal neoplasm
General
renal endoscopy
References
CPT