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pupil (P)

The circular opening in the center of the iris, through which light rays enter the eye. === Pupillary size === - 2-4 mm in diameter in bright light (adults) - 4-8 mm in the dark - pupils are generally equal in size === Determinants of pupillary size === 1) afferent input from the optic nerves, optic chiasm & optic tracts 2) efferent output of sympathetic nervous system 3) efferent output of the parasympathetic nervous system

Related

anisocoria fixed & dilated pupils Horner's (Bernard-Horner's) syndrome Marcus Gunn pupil (afferent pupillary defect) miosis (pupillary constriction) mydriasis

General

eye structure

References

  1. Stedman's Medical Dictionary 26th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995
  2. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
  3. The Pupils - Clinical Methods - NCBI Bookshelf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK381/

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