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prostate

Structure: - a retroperitoneal chestnut-shaped gland surrounding the proximal end of the urethra in males. - there are two lateral lobes connected anteriorly by an isthmus & posteriorly by a middle lobe - the middle lobe lies above & between the two ejaculatory ducts - the prostate consists of 30-50 compound tubuloalveolar glands within stroma consisting of collagen, elastic fibers & many smooth muscle bundles in circumferential arrangement about the acini & ducts. - in the normal adult, the gland weighs about 20 grams Function: - the prostate secretes a milky fluid (prostatic fluid) into the prostatic urethra at the time of emission of semen. Development: - the prostate develops from epithelial invaginations that appear along the urethra during the 3rd month of gestation - these give rise to 5 individual groups of tubules which ultimately form the prostate - between, birth & puberty, there is little prostatic development - the prostate enlarges under the influence of testosterone at puberty Pathology: Three pathologic processes commonly affect the prostate: 1) inflammation (prostatitis) 2) benign prostatic hypertrophy (may be nodular) 3) prostate cancer

Related

prostate structure prostatic disease prostatic nervous plexus prostatic urethra prostatic utricle (Weber organ, vesica prostatica, vagina masculina, uterus masculinus) prostatic venous plexus

Useful

beta-microseminoprotein; immunoglobulin-binding factor; IGBF; PN44; prostate secreted seminal plasma protein; prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids; PSP-94; PSP94; seminal plasma beta-inhibin (MSMB, PRSP) CD82 (metastasis suppressor Kangai 1, KAI1, C33 antigen, IA4, inducible membrane protein R2, tetraspanin-27, Tspan-27) fibroblast growth factor 2; FGF-2; basic fibroblast growth factor; bFGF; heparin-binding growth factor 2; HBGF-2; prostatropin (FGF2, FGFB) galectin-8; gal-8; prostate carcinoma tumor antigen 1; PCTA-1; Po66 carbohydrate-binding protein; Po66-CBP (LGALS8) glutamate carboxypeptidase 2; glutamate carboxypeptidase-2; membrane glutamate carboxypeptidase; mGCP; N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase 1; NAALADase 1; pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase; folylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase; FGCP; folate hydrolase 1; prostate-specific membrane antigen; PSMA; PSM (FOLH1, FOLH, NAALAD1, PSM, PSMA, GCP2) growth/differentiation factor 15; GDF-15; placental bone morphogenetic protein; placental TGF-beta; macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1; MIC-1; prostate differentiation factor; NSAID-activated gene 1 protein; NAG-1; NSAID-regulated gene 1 protein; NRG-1 (GDF15, MIC1, PDF, PLAB, PTGFB) olfactory receptor 51E2; olfactory receptor OR11-16; prostate-specific G-protein coupled receptor; HPRAJ (OR51E2 PSGR) PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein; prostate apoptosis response 4 protein; par-4 (PAWR PAR4) prostate-specific antigen; PSA; gamma-seminoprotein; seminin; kallikrein-3; P-30 antigen; semenogelase (KLK3 APS) prostatic acid phosphatase (histidine acid phosphatase, ACPP)

General

exocrine gland urogenital system structure

References

  1. Stedman's Medical Dictionary 26th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995
  2. Cotran et al Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 5th ed. W.B. Saunders Co, Philadelphia, PA 1994 pg 1023
  3. Pathology, 2nd ed. Rubin & Farber (eds), JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1994, pg 896

Component-of

urogenital system

Components

ejaculatory duct seminal gland (vesicle)

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