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pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam, Pralidoximum, Contrathion)
Tradename: 2-PAM. (pralidoxime chloride)
Indications:
- organophosphate poisoning
- antidote in poisoning due to organophosphate pesticides & other chemicals with anticholinesterase toxicity
- generally used in combination with atropine
Dosage:
1) 1-2 g IV/IM/SC
2) may be repeated in 30 min if needed
Pharmacokinetics:
1) rapid onset of action when given IV/IM
2) distributes to extracellular water
3) does not readily pass into CNS
4) metabolized by the liver
5) eliminated in the urine
6) 1/2life is 60-80 minutes
Adverse effects:
1) elevated serum transaminases
2) elevated creatine kinase
3) dizziness
4) double vision
5) blurred vision
6) muscular weakness
7) elevated blood pressure
8) tachycardia
Drug interactions:
- pralidoxine potentiates effects of barbiturates
Mechanism of action:
- reactivates cholinesterase (mainly outside the CNS)
General
antidote
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route KIDNEY
1/2life 60-80 MINUTES
pregnancy-category C
safety in lactation ?
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs,
Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al
eds, 1998
- Deprecated Reference
Component-of
atropine/pralidoxime (Duodote)