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periodic paralysis; hypokalemic periodic paralysis; Andersen-Tawil Syndrome

Etiology: - familial periodic paralysis - thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis Epidemiology: - rare [2] Pathology: - physiologic basis of flaccid weakness is inexcitability of the sarcolemma - results from sudden intracellular shift of K+ [2] Genetics: - SCN4A - hyperkalemia - CACNA1S- hypokalemia - KCNJ18 - thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis - KCNJ2 - Andersen-Tawil syndrome Clinical manifestations: - episodes of paralysis or flaccid muscle weakness occurring at irregular intervals - precipitated by strenous exercise or high-carbohydrate meal [2] - more episodic than periodic Laboratory: - serum potassium may be normal, high or low

Specific

familial periodic paralysis (hyperkalemic, normokalemic, hypokalemic, HYPP, NKPP, HYPOPP) thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis

General

paralysis

References

  1. Sripathi N, Lorenzo N Medscape: Periodic Paralyses https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1171678-overview
  2. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 19 Board Basics. An Enhancement to MKSAP19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2022