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pectus excavatum

Etiology: - familial (37%) - Marfan syndrome - spinal muscular atrophy - celiac disease (1% of patients with celiac disease) - Noonan syndrome Pathology: - heart can be displaced or rotated - mitral valve prolapse may be present Clinical manifestations: - an inward displacement of the xiphoid resulting in a hollowed lower part of the chest - may be congenital or may develop arount puberty Special laboratory: - echocardiography as indicated - electrocardiogram - pulmonary function testing Radiology: - computed tomography of the thorax Complications: - cardiopulmonary insufficiency (if severe) - chest pain - back pain Management: - cardiothoracic surgery consult

Related

pectus carinatum; pigeon breast; keeled chest

General

developmental disorder

References

  1. Stedman's Medical Dictionary 27th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999
  2. Wikipedia: Pectus excavatum http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectus_excavatum
  3. Hebra A eMedicine (Medscape): Pectus Excavatum http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1004953-overview
  4. Mayo Clinic: Pectus excavatum http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/pectus-excavatum/DS01136
  5. Cleveland Clinic: Pectus excavatum http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/pectus_excavatum/hic_pectus_excavatum.aspx
  6. MedlinePlus: Pectus excavatum http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003320.htm