organophosphate

Toxicity: Etiology: absorption through skin Clinical manifestations: 1) bradycardia 2) bronchorrhea & wheezing 3) pulmonary edema 4) miosis 5) fasciculations 6) abdominal pain Laboratory: - plasma & erythrocyte cholinesterase levels are < 50% of normal Management: 1) general a) health care workers should be gowned & gloved b) remove patient's clothing c) shampoo hair d) clean all skin surfaces 2) pharmaceutical agents a) atropine 0.02-0.05 mg/kg IV every 15 min b) pralidoxime 20-50 mg/kg IV every 2-12 hours c) Duodote autoinjector (atropine, pralidoxime) Mechanism of action: - cholinesterase inhibition

Specific

chlorpyrifos; trichlorpyrphos (Dursban, Lorsban) diazinon; dimpylate; diazinone; oleodiazinon; neocidol; ciazinon malathion (Ovide) parathion trichlorfon (Metrifonate)

General

pesticide phosphomonoester

References

Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pg 1153-55