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nutrition

Physiology: - a protein intake of slightly more than 0.8 g/kg/day is required to optimize gains in muscle strength [4] - protein requirements do not change with age [1] Procedure: 1) Nutritional screening: a) purpose - identification of individuals at risk or with nutritional problems who need more detailed nutritional assessment b) key indicators of nutritional risk - frail appearance - recent unexplained weight change - prolonged poor appetite/food intake - chronic condition that interferes with food intake - dysphagia, depression, adverse drug effect - inadequate food intake 2) Nutritional assessment: a) diet history b) dietary intake - complete calorie counts for 3 days to assess adequacy of nutrient intake (GRS9) [1] c) anthropometric measurements - body weight & ideal body weight - body mass index - recent weight change - evaluation of significant weight loss d) also see nutritional assessment 3) Physical assessment: a) general appearance b) muscle tone c) skin & appendages - pressure ulcers, hair, nails d) cognition, smell, vision, taste e) eating - chewing, swallowing f) socioeconomic status g) medical history Laboratory: - see nutritional assessment Management: - see nutritional therapy

Related

diet dietician disease-nutrition interactions nutrition label nutritional (essential) mineral nutritional assessment nutritional deficiency nutritional supplement recommended daily allowance (RDA, recommended daily intake, RDI) vitamin

Specific

dietary interactions with warfarin infant formula nutritional therapy total parenteral (intravenous) nutrition (TPN)

General

medical specialty

References

  1. Geriatrics Review Syllabus, American Geriatrics Society, 5th edition, 2002-2004 - Geriatric Review Syllabus, 8th edition (GRS8) Durso SC and Sullivan GN (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2013 - Geriatric Review Syllabus, 9th edition (GRS9) Medinal-Walpole A, Pacala JT, Porter JF (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2016
  2. Phebe Chin, MS, RD, Clinical Dietician, GRECC, West LA Veterans Administration, April 12, 2005
  3. USDA Press Release 6/2/11 First Lady, Agriculture Secretary Launch MyPlate Icon as a New Reminder to Help Consumers to Make Healthier Food Choices http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/MyPlate/PressRelease.pdf - USDA: ChooseMyPlate.gov http://www.choosemyplate.gov/ - Report of the DGAC on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/DietaryGuidelines/2010/DGAC/Report/A-ExecSummary.pdf - 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/executive-summary/
  4. Tarnopolsky MA. Nutritional consideration in the aging athlete. Clin J Sport Med. 2008 Nov;18(6):531-8 PMID: 19001886
  5. Silver HJ. Oral strategies to supplement older adults' dietary intakes: comparing the evidence. Nutr Rev. 2009 Jan;67(1):21-31. Review. PMID: 19146503
  6. Woo J. Nutritional strategies for successful aging. Med Clin North Am. 2011 May;95(3):477-93, ix-x PMID: 21549873
  7. Sullivan DH, Johnson LE, Dennis RA et al Nutrient intake, peripheral edema, and weight change in elderly recuperative care patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013 Jun;68(6):712-8. PMID: 23183900
  8. Sullivan DH, Johnson LE, Dennis RA et al The Interrelationships among albumin, nutrient intake, and inflammation in elderly recuperative care patients. J Nutr Health Aging. 2011 Apr;15(4):311-5. PMID: 21437564
  9. Schwarzenberg SJ, Georgieff MK. Committee on Nutrition. Advocacy for Improving Nutrition in the First 1000 Days To Support Childhood Development and Adult Health. Pediatrics. January 2018 PMID: 29358479 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2018/01/18/peds.2017-3716 - Kuo AA, Thomas PA, Chilton LA et al Pediatricians and Public Health: Optimizing the Health and Well-Being of the Nation's Children. Pediatrics. January 2018 PMID: 29358481 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2018/01/18/peds.2017-3848