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Norwood procedure
Indications:
- congenital heart disease including
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- mitral atresia
- single ventricle circulation
Procedure:
- complex procedure
- may vary depending on the diagnosis & overall condition of the heart
Adverse effects:
- substantial radiation exposure [2]
- increased risk of cancer later in life, especially
- breast cancer
- thyroid cancer
General
cardiac surgery (heart surgery)
References
- Wikipedia: Norwood procedure
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwood_procedure
- Johnson JN et al
Cumulative Radiation Exposure and Cancer Risk Estimation in
Children with Heart Disease.
Circulation. June 9, 2014
PMID: 24914037
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/05/08/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005425.abstract
- Andreassi MG and Picano E
Reduction of Radiation to Children: Our Responsibility to Change.
Circulation. June 9, 2014
PMID: 24914036
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/05/08/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010699.abstract