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nitrate
Pharmacology:
Classification:
- nitroglycerin
- isosorbide dinitrate
- isosorbide mononitrate
Indications:
- hypertension
- angina pectoris
- prophylaxis for angina pectoris
- unstable angina
- acute myocardial infarction
- heart failure
Nitrates may also reduce risk of bleeding peptic ulcers.
Adverse effects:
1) hypotension in patients with reduced preload
- usually responsive to
a) volume expansion
b) dose reduction
2) headache
Mechanism of action:
- metabolites produce relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
- this in turn produces a strong dilation of the veins, reducing preload, wall tension & myocardial oxygen demand
Notes:
Nitrate tolerance may occur with continuous exposure.
Interactions
drug interactions
drug adverse effects of antihypertensive agents
Related
NO3- (nitrate)
Specific
2-butyl nitrate
aristolochic acid
isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil, Sorbitrate, Isordil Tembids, Dinitrate SR, ISDN)
isosorbide mononitrate (ISMO, Monoket, Imdur)
n-butyl nitrate
nitroglycerin; NTG; TNG (Tridil, NitroBid, Nitrol, Nitrostat, Deponit, Minitran, NitroDur, Nitropaste, Rectiv)
General
vasodilator agent
Properties
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM cid=944
References
- Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed)
Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 87-88
- Journal Watch 20(18):144, 2000
- Prescriber's Letter 17(3): 2010
Comparison of Nitrate Products
Detail-Document#: 260324
(subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- Deprecated Reference
Component-of
chlorhexidine/miconazole/nitrate
chlorpheniramine/methscopolamine/nitrate/phenylephrine
chlorpheniramine/nitrate/phenylephrine
cortisol/miconazole/nitrate
dimethicone/miconazole/nitrate/zinc oxide
miconazole/nitrate
miconazole/nitrate/polymixin b/prednisolone
miconazole/nitrate/white petrolatum/zinc oxide
nitrate/sodium fluoride
nitrate/sodium monofluorophosphate