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nipple retraction; nipple inversion

Etiology: - aging - cessation of lactation - congenital - congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1A - breast cancer - inflammatory breast cancer Pathology: - any condition that causes inflammation or scarring of the tissues deep to the nipple may cause nipple retraction Management: - manually stimulating the nipples may temporarily reverse the finding - attention to underlying disorder - plastic surgery

General

sign/symptom

References

  1. Deuber M. Plastic Surgeon Blog. Accessed 9/11/2018 https://www.drdeuber.com/inverted-nipples-causes-and-treatment/