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neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) in serum

Also see cANCA, pANCA & see ARUP consult [7] Indications: - evaluation of ANCA-associated vasculitis - Wegener's granulomatosis - microscopic polyangiitis Reference interval: - negative - < 1:20 Clinical significance: - useful test in patient's with Wegener's granulomatosis, related vasculitides & glomerular diseases - perinuclear (pANCA) & cytoplasmic patterns (cANCA) are 2 patterns recognized by indirect immunofluorescence - the cytoplasmic pattern (cANCA) is directed against myeloblastin (serine proteinase-3) - the perinuclear pattern (pANCA) may be directed against myeloperoxidase or leukocyte elastase. Associated factors: [6] - genetic predisposition - environmental triggers (silica exposure) - infections (tuberculosis, HIV, hepatitis C, parvovirus B19, mycosis) - neoplasia (lympohoma, myelodysplasia, monoclonal gammopathy) - drugs (propythyouracil, cocaine, minocycline) Specimen: store at -20 C Methods: - indirect immunofluorescence on fixed neutrophilic granules - distinctive patterns perinuclear (an artifact of fixation) & cytoplasmic may be observed - solid phase EIA's are in development

Related

anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) neutrophil or polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN, poly)

Specific

cANCA in serum; anti-myeloblastin in serum; anti-serine protease 3 in serum neutrophil cytoplasmic Ab atypical in serum neutrophil cytoplasmic IgA in serum neutrophil cytoplasmic IgG in serum neutrophil cytoplasmic IgM in serum pANCA in serum; anti-myeloperoxidase in serum; anti-leukocyte elastase in serum

General

neutrophil antibody in body fluid

References

  1. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, NW Tietz (ed) 3rd ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia 1995
  2. Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 782, 847
  3. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 1913
  4. Kaiser Permanente Northern Calfornia Regional Laboratory
  5. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 16. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2012
  6. Bosch X et al, Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Lancet 2006, 368:404 PMID: 16876669
  7. ARUP Consult: Systemic Vasculitis https://arupconsult.com/content/vasculitis

Component-of

connective tissue disease panel; collagen disease panel; SLE panel