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onychodystrophy (nail dystrophy)
Dystrophy of the nails.
Etiology:
1) onychomycosis (< 50%)
2) thyroid disease
3) parathyroid disease
4) peripheral vascular disease
5) Raynaud's disease
6) anemia
7) onychodystrophia mediana canaliformis
8) psoriasis
- more common in patients with psoriatic arthritis
9) chronic nail trauma [2]
10) aging
Clinical manifestations:
- thick, yellow, crumbling toenails
Laboratory:
- KOH scraping, microscopic exam for septate hyphae of dermatophytosis
- fungal culture for dermatophytosis
- collect subungual debris from beneath the nail to avoid a false-negative culture [2]
Management:
- treat underlying disorder
- do not treat with antifungals unless onychomycosis identified
Related
onychomycosis
Specific
onychodystrophia mediana canaliformis (tic habit)
General
nail disease
References
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 14, 16, 18.
American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2006, 2012, 2018
- Geriatric Review Syllabus, 11th edition (GRS11)
Harper GM, Lyons WL, Potter JF (eds)
American Geriatrics Society, 2022