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mycobacterial infection
Etiology:
- infection due to Mycobacterium.
- tuberculosis is the classic example.
- immunocompromised patients: cell-mediated immunity is protective
- chronic lung disease
- postoperative complications [1]
Epidemiology:
- atypical mycobacterial pulmonary infections are now more common than pulmonary tuberculosis [2]
Pathology:
- Mycobacterium avium causes cavitary lung disease [1]
- lung disease, skin & soft tissue infections surgical site infections, adenitis, & intravascular catheter-related infections due to
- Mycobacterium abscessus
- Mycobacterium chelonae
- Mycobacterium fortuitum
Laboratory:
- identification to species level
- antibiotic sensitivity varies among species [1]
Management:
- see more specific infection
- for non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection, determine if the isolate is a pathogen, environmental contaminant, or a colonizer
- only pathogenic infection needs treatment
Related
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD); familial disseminated atypical mycobacterial infection
Mycobacterium
Specific
Buruli ulcer
leprosy (Hansen's disease)
mycobacterial infections in patients with HIV
scrofula
scrofuloderma
tuberculosis
General
bacterial infection
chronic infection (chronic infectious disease)
References
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 15, 19
American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2009, 2021
- Winthrop KL et al.
Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease prevalence and
clinical features: An emerging public health disease.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010 Oct 1; 182:977
PMID: 20508209
- Prevots DR et al.
Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease prevalence at four
integrated health care delivery systems.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010 Oct 1; 182:970.
PMID: 20538958