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Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Formerly: Branhamella catarrhalis.
1) gram-negative diplococcus
2) component of normal oral flora
- colonization is more common during the winter
3) most strains produce beta-lactamase
Etiology:
Risk factors:
1) underlying lung disease - COPD
2) alcoholism
3) diabetes mellitus
4) immunocompromised patients
Pathology:
1) sinusitis
2) otitis
3) pneumonia
a) segmental patchy bronchopneumomia
b) lower lobes most frequently involved
c) cavitation & pleural effusion are rare
4) COPD exacerbation
5) bacteremia is rare
Laboratory:
- Moraxella catarrhalis g1b gene
Management: (antimicrobial therapy)
1) Bactrim
2) Augmentin
3) 2nd or 3rd generation cephalosporin
4) clarithromycin
5) azithromycin
Related
Moraxella catarrhalis g1b gene
General
Moraxella
Properties
KINGDOM: monera
DIVISION: SCHIZOMYCETES
References
- Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 28th edition, Ewald &
McKenzie (eds) Little, Brown & Co, 1995, pg 301
- Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed)
Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 797
- Murphy B
Research on Moraxella catarrhalis wins $10,000 grand prize challenge.
American Medical Association (AMA. Dec 8, 2021
https://www.ama-assn.org/about/research/research-moraxella-catarrhalis-wins-10000-grand-prize-challenge