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mivacurium (Mivacron)
Tradename: Mivacron.
Indications:
1) skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery after induction of general anesthesia
2) increased pulmonary compliance during assisted respiration
3) facilitates endotracheal intubation
Contraindications:
Caution:
1) ventilation must be supported during neuromuscular blockade
2) electrolyte balance alters blockade
3) small doses may have profound effects in patients with myasthenia gravis
4) patients with pulmonary, hepatic or renal disease
Dosage:
1) adults: 0.15 mg/kg IV bolus over 5-15 seconds
2) children 2-12 years: 0.2 mg/kg IV over 5-15 seconds
Injection: (vials of 10, 20 & 25 mg).
Pharmacokinetics:
1) peak effect: within 2-3 minutes of IV injection
2) duration: 20 minutes
3) hydrolysis by plasma cholinesterases
Adverse effects:
1) common (> 10%)
- flushing of face
2) less common (1-10%)
- hypotension
3) uncommon (< 1%)
- bradycardia, tachycardia, cutaneous erythema, endogenous histamine release, dizziness, muscle spasms, rash, reaction at site of injection, bronchospasm, wheezing, hypoxemia
Interactions
drug interactions
General
neuromuscular blocker (paralyzing agent)
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route PLASMA
pregnancy-category C
safety in lactation ?
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998