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Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
Etiology:
1) idiopathic
2) may be a genetic predispositione
3) may be manifestation of Crohn's disease or sarcoidosis
Epidemiology:
1) rare
2) onset is in childhood or early adolescence
Pathology:
- cranial nerve palsy
Clinical manifestations:
1) recurring facial paralysis
- days to years may separate attacks
2) edema of the face & lips (usually upper lip)
a) swelling may persist & increase between attacks
b) eventually becoming permanent
3) development of folds & furrows in the tongue
4) lip may become hard, cracked, & fissured with reddish-brown discoloration
Differential diagnosis:
1) Crohn's disease
2) sarcoidosis
Management:
1) treatment is symptomatic
2) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
3) corticosteroids to reduce swelling
4) antibiotics
5) immunosuppressants
6) surgery
a) relieve pressure on facial nerve & its branches,
b) reduce swollen tissue
c) effectiveness has not been established
7) massage & electrical stimulation may also be prescribed
8) work up for Crohn's disease & sarcoidosis
Prognosis:
1) may recur intermittently
2) may become chronic disorder
General
Bell's palsy; cranial nerve 7 palsy; facial nerve palsy
syndrome
References
- NINDS Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome Information Page
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Melkersson-Rosenthal-Syndrome-Information-Page