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low density lipoprotein (LDL, beta-lipoprotein)

Function: - LDL is the major cholesterol-carrying protein in plasma. - LDL is catablized via apo B100 - LDL receptor binding & internalization, particularly in liver & steroidogenic cells in adrenal cortex, ovaries, testes, where LDL provides the major source of substrate for synthesis of steroid hormones - SORLA binds LDL & transports it into cells by endocytosis [3] - in addition to catabolism via the high-affinity LDL receptor pathway, LDL is catabolized by non-specific pathways not subject to feedback regulation - one of these pathways is via the macrophage scavenger receptor which binds & internalizes oxidized forms of LDL - it has been estimated that 35-64% of LDL is degraded by the high-affinity LDL receptor pathway; the remaining is removed by the scavenger cell system - LDL cholesterol levels needed to saturate systemic receptors are about 35 mg/dL Pathology: - low levels of LDL occur, along with low levels of albumin, prealbumin, & transferrin, in inflammation & malignancy - high levels of LDL may predispose to cardiovascular disease

Related

cholesterol LDL in serum LDL triglycerides in serum/plasma low-density lipoprotein receptor; LDL receptor; apoB/E receptor (LDLR)

Specific

oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxidized LDL, oxLDL)

General

beta globulin macromolecular complex

Figures/Diagrams

Figures/diagrams/slides/tables related to low density lipoprotein

Properties

SIZE: WIDTH = 20-23 NM COMPARTMENT: plasma MISC-INFO: CONCENTRATION 270-740 MG/DL

References

  1. Primary Hyperlipoproteinemias, Steiner & Shafrir (eds), McGraw Hill, NY, 1991, pg 27
  2. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd ed. Burtis CA & Ashwood ER (eds), WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia PA, 1993, pg 1027
  3. UniProt :accession Q92673

Components

apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) cholesterol cholesterol ester phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) triglyceride