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Kyasanur forest disease (Monkey fever)
Etiology:
- Flaviviridae
Epidemiology:
- tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever
- endemic to South Asia
- first reported from Kyasanur Forest of Karnataka, India 1957
- affects Monkeys as well as humans
- reservoir hosts may include porcupines, rats, squirrels, mice & shrews.
- vector for disease transmission is Haemaphysalis spinigera, a forest tick
Clinical manifestations:
- high fever with frontal headaches, followed by hemorrhagic symptoms, epistaxis, bleeding gums, gastrointestinal bleeding
- recovery may occur within 2 weeks, but convalescence typically lasts several months
- myalgias & muscle weakness during convalescence
Management:
- no specific therapy
- prevention
- insect repellant & other measures to prevent tick bites
- an attenuated live vaccine is available
General
viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome; hemorrhagic nephroso-nephritis
tick borne infection
References
- Wikipedia: Kyasanur forest disease
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyasanur_forest_disease
- Holbrook MR
Kyasanur Forest Disease
Antiviral Res. Dec 2012; 96(3): 353-362
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3513490/
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Kyasanur Forest Disease
http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/kyasanur/