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ketone bodies in serum/plasma

also see ketone bodies in serum/plasma/urine Indications: 1) assessment of diabetic ketoacidosis 2) verification of compliance with weight-reducing regimen 3) evaluation of isopropanol intoxication Normal range: - serum: < 1 mg/dL (0.1 mmol/L) with overnight fast Increases: 1) chemical interferences a) serum -> aspirin intoxication, IV ethanol, levodopa (Ketostix) streptozocin, insulin (prolonged, excessive) b) hemolysis causes discoloration of test tablets or sticks 2) clinical disorders a) diabetic ketoacidosis*, prolonged fasting, severe carbohydrate restriction with normal fat intake (weight- reducing diets), anorexia nervosa, persistent vomiting, glycogen storage diseases, branched chain ketonuria, methylmalonic aciduria, exercise in untrained subjects, pregnancy, stress, post-anesthesia b) states with markedly increased metabolic rates -> high fever, severe thyrotoxicosis, active acromegaly c) excessive hormone production/administration -> growth hormone, ACTH, glucocorticoids, hyperinsulinism, catecholamines * In some cases of diabetes mellitus with elevated blood ketone levels, no ketone bodies appear in the urine. Method: - reagent strip: nitroprusside (Miles Inc. Acetotest, Ketostix, Labstix, Multistix, BMC Chemstrip) - beta-hydroxybutyrate is NOT measured - acetone is measured by Chemstrip & Acetest Specimen: 1) serum or plasma 2) cover, deliver to laboratory immediately 3) refrigerate until analysis (within 5 days) 4) avoid hemolysis

Related

acetoacetate in serum/plasma acetoacetate; beta-ketobutyrate; 3-ketobutyrate beta(3)-hydroxybutyrate in blood/plasma/serum

General

ketone bodies in body fluid

Database Correlations

Kegg map/map00072

References

  1. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed., W.B. Saunders, 1995
  2. Ketones, Serum or Plasma Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 20034