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kanamycin (Kantrex)
Tradename: Kantrex.
Dosage: 15 mg/kg up to 1500 mg/day IV/IM divided every 8-12 hours.
Dosage adjustment in renal failure:
creatinine clearance dosage (QD dosing)
> 80 mL/min 15 mg/kg
60-80 mL/min 12 mg/kg
40-60 mL/min 7.5 mg/kg
30-40 mL/min 4 mg/kg
20-30 mL/min 7.5 mg/kg every 48 hours
10-20 mL/min 4 mg/kg every 48 hours
< 10 mL/min 3 mg/kg every 48 hours
Adverse effects:
1) ototoxicity
a) tinnitus
b) vestibular toxicity may occur up to 2-3 months after stopping drug
2) nephrotoxicity
3) eosinophilia
4) leukopenia
5) cholestasis
6) neuromuscular blockade
7) therapeutic drug monitoring
Laboratory:
1) kanamycin in serum/plasma (EDTA)
a) for patients on penicillin, freeze if not analyzed in 4-6 hours
b) collect peak level 1 hour after dose
c) methods: RIA, MB, HPLC, GLC, REA, EIA, FPIA
d) interferences:
- MB: coadministration of other antibiotics; penicillins & cephalosporins may be inactivated with commercially available beta lactamase to minimize this interference
2) antibiotic susceptibility kanamycin
Interactions
drug interactions
drug adverse effects of aminoglycosides
General
aminoglycoside antibiotic
anti-tuberculous agent
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route KIDNEY
1/2life 2-3 HOURS
therapeutic-range 25-35 UG/ML
<4 UG/ML
toxic-range >40 NG/ML
>15 NG/ML
protein-binding <5%
elimination by hemodialysis +
peritoneal dialysis +/-
pregnancy-category D
safety in lactation ?
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed.,
W.B. Saunders, 1995
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary