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insulin-like growth factor 2; IGF-2; somatomedin-A; contains: insulin-like growth factor 2 Ala-25 del; contains: preptin (IGF2)
Function:
- insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity
- in vitro, they are potent mitogens for cultured cells
- IGF2 is influenced by placental lactogen & may play a role in fetal development
- undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, & acts as physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion
- exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through phosphoactivation of MAPK1 & MAPK3
Structure:
- O-glycosylated with a core 1 or possibly core 8 glycan
- belongs to the insulin family
- mass=7469.4 daltons (IGF2)
Compartment: secreted
Alternative splicing: named isoforms=2
Pathology:
- epigenetic changes of DNA hypomethylation in the IGF2 gene are a cause of Silver-Russell syndrome
- mRNA expression in lymphocytes is more common in patients with colorectal carcinoma than in the general polulation:
a) family history of colorectal carcinoma (5.2 fold increase)
b) adenomas (3.5 fold increase)
c) colorectal carcinoma (22 fold increase)
Genetics:
- the IGF2 gene is an imprinted gene [5]
Laboratory:
- IGF-2 expression in lymphocytes may become a useful test in screening for colorectal carcinoma
Polymorphism:
- genetic variations in IGF2 are associated with body mass index (BMI)
Interactions
molecular events
Related
IGF-2 gene
insulin-like growth factor [IGF]-2 receptor (CD222, somatomedin MSA receptor, cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor, MPR 300, CI-MPR, M6PR, MPRI, IGF2R)
General
multisubunit protein
peptide precursor
somatomedin
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 180 aa
MW = 20 kD
COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-24}
B {25-52}
MOTIF: cysteine residue {C33}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C71}
cysteine residue {C45}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C84}
C {53-64}
A {65-85}
MOTIF: cysteine residue {C70}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C75}
cysteine residue {C71}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C33}
cysteine residue {C75}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C70}
cysteine residue {C84}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C45}
D {86-91}
Thr glycosylation site {T99}
Thr glycosylation site {T163}
SECRETED-BY: hepatocyte
GENE: IGF-2 gene
Database Correlations
OMIM correlations
UniProt P01344
PFAM correlations
Entrez Gene 3481
Kegg hsa:3481
References
- UniProt :accession P01344
- GeneReviews
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/genetests/lab/gene/IGF2
- Wikipedia; Note: insulin-like growth factor 2 entry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/insulin-like_growth_factor_2
- SeattleSNPs
http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/igf2/
- Cui H et al
Loss of IGF2 imprinting: a potential marker of colorectal
cancer risk.
Science 299:1753, 2003
PMID: 12637750
- Ranshohoff DF et al,
Cancer. Developing molecular biomarkers for cancer.
Science 299:1679, 2003
PMID: 12637728