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high mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y; HMG-I(Y); high mobility group AT-hook protein 1; high mobility group protein A1; high mobility group protein R (HMGA1 HMGIY)

Function: - HMG-I/Y bind preferentially to the minor groove of A+T rich regions in double stranded DNA - it is suggested that these proteins could function in nucleosome phasing & in the 3'-end processing of mRNA transcripts - role in transcription regulation of genes containing, or in close proximity to A+T-rich regions - constitutively phosphorylated on two or three sites - phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR - hyperphosphorylated at early stages of apoptosis, followed by dephosphorylation & methylation, which coincides with chromatin condensation - isoform HMG-Y can be phosphorylated by HIPK2 - HMG-Y is not methylated - interacts with HIPK2 (putative) Structure: - belongs to the HMGA family - contains 3 A.T hook DNA-binding domains Compartment: nucleus Alternative splicing: named isoforms=3; HMGA1a, HMGA1b, HMGA1c Pathology: - interacts with HIV-1 pre-integration complex - chromosomal translocation t(6;14)(p21;q23-24) involving HMGA1 with RAD51L1 is found in pulmonary chondroid hamartoma

General

DNA-binding protein high-mobility group [HMG] protein nonhistone chromosomal protein phosphoprotein

Properties

SIZE: entity length = 107 aa MW = 12 kD COMPARTMENT: cell nucleus MOTIF: acetylation site SITE: N-TERMINUS EFFECTOR-BOUND: acetyl A+T hook SITE: 21-31 Ser phosphorylation site {S36} Thr phosphorylation site {T39} Ser phosphorylation site {S44} Ser phosphorylation site {S49} HIPK2 interaction {53-77} MOTIF: A+T hook SITE: 53-63 Thr phosphorylation site {T53} A+T hook SITE: 78-89 glutamate-rich region {91-106} MOTIF: glutamate residue (SEVERAL) Ser phosphorylation site {S99} Ser phosphorylation site {S102} Ser phosphorylation site {S103}

Database Correlations

OMIM 600701 UniProt P17096 Pfam PF02178 Entrez Gene 3159 Kegg hsa:3159

References

  1. UniProt :accession P17096
  2. Atlas of Genetics & Cytogenetics in Oncology & Haematology http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/genes/HMGIYID221.html