glutamate decarboxylase

Catalyzes the decarboxylation of glutamate into the neurotransmitter GABA (4-aminobutanoate). Pathology: - autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; GAD2 may be primarily involved - GAD autoantibodies have been detected years before the clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Laboratory: - glutamate decarboxylase antibody in serum/plasma - glutamate decarboxylase 65 antibody in serum for autoantibodies associated with diabetes mellitus type 1

Specific

glutamate decarboxylase 1 (glutamate decarboxylase 67 kD isoform, GAD1, GAD67) glutamate decarboxylase 2; glutamate decarboxylase 65 kD isoform (GAD2, GAD65) glutamate decarboxylase 3 (GAD3)

Properties

MOTIF: active site MOTIF: cofactor-binding site COFACTOR-BOUND: pyridoxal phosphate BOUND-VIA: lysine residue lysine residue