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ghrelin; ghrelin -27; ghrelin-28
Function:
- ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR)
- induces release of growth hormone from the pituitary separate from GHRH
- effects are probably synergistic with GHRH
- has an appetite-stimulating effect
- induces adiposity
- stimulates gastric acid secretion
- role in growth regulation
- when administered peripherally to rodents daily, caused weight gain by decreased fat utilization
- activates the mesolimbic reward system for food & alcohol
Structure:
- O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity
- O-decanoylated forms Ghrelin-27-C10 & Ghrelin-28-C10 differ in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26
- a small fraction of ghrelin, ghrelin-28-C10:1
- may be modified with a singly unsaturated carboxylic acid
Expression:
- derived from precursor appetite regulating hormone
- the principal site of synthesis in stomach
- serum levels increased by fasting, reduced by feeding [2]
- other tissues compensate for the loss of ghrelin synthesis in the stomach following gastrectomy
Related
ghrelin in serum/plasma
obestatin (hexarelin)
General
appetite-regulating hormone; growth hormone secretagogue; growth hormone-releasing peptide; motilin-related peptide; M46 protein; contains: ghrelin-27, ghrelin-28, ghrelin, obestatin (GHRL, MTLRP, UNQ524/PRO1066)
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 117 aa
MW = 13 kD
COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-23}
PRECURSOR-FOR: ghrelin
obestatin
Database Correlations
OMIM 605353
MORBIDMAP 605353
UniProt Q9UBU3
References
- Kojima et al. Nature 402:656-60, 1999
- Tschop et al. Nature 407:908-13, 2000
- Solomon DH, in: UCLA Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine &
Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
- Wikipedia; Ghrelin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghrelin
- Jerlhag E et al
Requirement of central ghrelin signaling for alcohol reward.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009 Jul 7; 106:11318.
PMID: 19564604