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glutamate decarboxylase 2; glutamate decarboxylase 65 kD isoform (GAD2, GAD65)
Function:
- catalyzes production of GABA
- phosphorylation does not affect kinetic parameters or subcellular location
- palmitoylated is required for presynaptic clustering
L-glutamate 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
Cofactor: pyridoxal phosphate
Kinetic parameters:
- KM=2.15 mM for glutamate
Structure:
- homodimer (putative)
- belongs to the group II decarboxylase family
Compartment:
- cytoplasm, cytosol, cytoplasmic vesicle
- cell junction, synapse, presynaptic cell membrane
- Golgi membrane; peripheral membrane, cytoplasmic side
- associated to cytoplasmic vesicles
- in neurons, cytosolic leaflet of Golgi membranes & presynaptic clusters
Pathology:
- autoantigen in the autoimmune disease stiff person syndrome & in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Related
anti-glutamate decarboxylase-2 antibody
General
glutamate decarboxylase
membrane protein
phosphoprotein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 585 aa
MW = 65 kD
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
golgi
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S3}
Ser phosphorylation site {S6}
Ser phosphorylation site {S10}
Ser phosphorylation site {S13}
cysteine residue {C30}
MODIFICATION: palmitate
COMPARTMENT: membrane
cysteine residue {C45}
MODIFICATION: palmitate
COMPARTMENT: membrane
cofactor-binding site [396-396]
FOR-BINDING-OF: pyridoxal phosphate
Database Correlations
OMIM 138275
UniProt Q05329
Pfam PF00282
KEGG correlations
ENZYME 4.1.1.15
References
- UniProt :accession Q05329
- OMIM :accession 138275
- De Camilli P
Exocytosis goes with a SNAP.
Nature 364:387 1993
PMID: 8332206
- NIEHS-SNPs
http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/gad2/