eyes absent homolog 2 (EYA2, EAB1)

Function: - tyrosine phosphatase - specifically dephosphorylates Tyr-142 of histone H2AX - Tyr-142 phosphorylation of histone H2AX plays a central role in DNA repair & acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic & repair responses to genotoxic stress - promotes efficient DNA repair by dephosphorylating H2AX, promoting the recruitment of DNA repair complexes containing MDC1 - its function as histone phosphatase probably explains its role in transcription regulation during organogenesis - coactivates SIX1 - seems to coactivate SIX2, SIX4 & SIX5 - together with SIX1 & DACH2 seem to be involved in myogenesis - may be involved in development of the eye - interaction with GNAZ & GNAI2 prevents nuclear translocation & transcriptional activity - interacts with GNAZ & GNAI2 - interacts with DACH2 & SIX1, & probably with SIX2, SIX4 & SIX5 - interacts with CAPN8 Cofactor: binds 1 Mg⁺² ion per subunit Kinetic parameters: - KM=1.9 uM for H2AX-Y142-phosphate - KM=80 uM for H2AX-S139-phosphate Structure: - belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily, EYA family Compartment: - cytoplasm (putative) - nucleus Alternative splicing: named isoforms=3 Expression: - highest expression in muscle with lower levels in kidney, placenta, pancreas, brain & heart - at the begin of fourth week of development, detected in cytoplasm of somite cells - between the 6th & 8th week of development, detected in cytoplasm of limb bud cells

General

eyes absent homolog phosphoprotein tyrosine phosphatase (protein tyrosine phosphatate, PTP)

Properties

SIZE: entity length = 538 aa MW = 59 kD COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm cell nucleus STATE: active state MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S257} aspartate residue {D274} Mg+2-binding site SITE: 274-274 aspartate residue {D276} Mg+2-binding site SITE: 276-276 Mg+2-binding site SITE: 502-502

Database Correlations

OMIM 601654 UniProt O00167 Pfam PF00702 Entrez Gene 2139 Kegg hsa:2139 ENZYME 3.1.3.48