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diaphragm muscle
Function:
- it is the main muscle of inspiration in normal individuals
Structure:
- continuous sheet of muscle & tendon, normally broken uponly by major structures (i.e. esophagus, inferior vena cava, aorta) passing from thorax to abdomen
Innervation:
1) motor:
a) phrenic nerves (C3-C5)
b) right & left halves innervated by right & left phrenic nerves
2) sensory
a) phrenic nerves
b) lower intercostal nerves
Physiology:
- normal expiratory to inspiratory excursion of the diaphragm is 5-7 cm.
- diaphragm muscle only partially effective in supine or sitting position [3] diaphragm muscle flattens with aging & becomes less efficient [3]
Pathology:
pain from the diaphragm may radiate to the shoulder
Related
diaphragmatic calcification
diaphragmatic paralysis
Specific
crura of diaphragm (crus)
diaphragmatic surface of (lung/liver/spleen/heart)
hemidiaphragm
lumbocostal triangle of diaphragm (vertebrocostal trigone or triangle, Bochdalek gap)
muscular part of diaphragm
sternocostal triangle of diaphragm (sternocostal foramen)
General
skeletal muscle (voluntary muscle)
musculoskeletal system structure
References
- Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed.
Wilson et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY,
1991, pg 1115-16
- Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed)
Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 722
- Geriatric Review Syllabus, 10th edition (GRS10)
Harper GM, Lyons WL, Potter JF (eds)
American Geriatrics Society, 2019
Component-of
thorax
Components
aortic hiatus/foramen/aperture/opening
central tendon of diaphragm (trefoil tendon)
esophageal hiatus (aperture or opening)
median arcuate ligament
pleuroperitoneal hiatus (Bochdalek foramen)
vena caval foramen (caval opening of diaphragm, caval foramen)
Images
images related to diaphragm muscle