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diagnostic criteria for dementia (DSM III/IV/V)
Impaired short-term memory & long-term memory
At least 1 of the following:
1) impaired abstract thinking: difficulty defining words & concepts or finding similarities of differences
2) impaired judgment: inability to plan or deal with important issues
3) disturbances of higher cortical functioning:
a) language (aphasia)
b) praxis (apraxia)
c) agnosia
d) visuospatial skills
4) personality change
* Work & social problems related to criteria above
* clinical diagnosis of dementia requires cognitive impairment that interferes with activities of daily living [4]
* Mental impairment not present solely during periods of delirium
Either one of the following:
1) evidence from history, physical examination, or laboratory tests of specific organic etiologic factors
2) exclusion of nonorganic mental disorders when no etiologic organic factor can be determined; e.g. depression as a cause of cognitive decline
Related
dementia; Alzheimer's disease & related dementias (ADRD)
Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
General
criteria
References
- Ramsdell et al, J General Medicine 5:55, 1990
- Masterman D. In: Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine &
Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
- Eschweiler GW, Leyhe T, Kloppel S, Hull M.
New developments in the diagnosis of dementia.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 Oct;107(39):677-83. Review.
PMID: 20963198
- Section II, Neurocognitve Disorders. American Psychiatric Association.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Washington DC:
American Psychiatric Association; 2013:602
- Mao HF, Chang LH, Tsai AY et al
Diagnostic accuracy of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living for dementia in
community-dwelling older adults.
Age Ageing. 2018 Jul 1;47(4):551-557
PMID: 29528375