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dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
Tradename: Dexedrine. DEA-controlled substance: class 2.
Indications:
1) narcolepsy
2) adjunctive therapy for attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity
Contraindications:
1) advanced arteriosclerosis
2) hypertension
3) hyperthyroidism
4) glaucoma
5) concurrent administration of MAO inhibitor
Dosage:
1) narcolepsy
a) start: 5 mg PO QD (children), 10 mg PO QD (adults)
b) increase 5 mg/day weekly until therapeutic vs adverse effects
c) maximum: 60 mg QD
3) attention deficit disorder:
a) start 5 mg (> 6 years) or 2.5 mg (< 6 years) PO QD/BID
b) increase 5 mg/day (> 6 years) or 2.5 mg/day (< 6 years) weekly until therapeutic vs adverse effects
c) maximum: 40 mg QD
Tabs: 5 & 10 mg.
Elixir: 5 mg/5 mL. Extended-release: 10-15 mg PO QD
Tabs: 5, 10, 15 mg.
Adverse effects:
1) common (> 10%)
- arrhythmias
- false sense of well being
- nervousness
- restlessness
- insomnia
2) less common (1-10%)
- hypertension, mood or mental changes, blurred vision, changes in libido, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, stomach cramps, constipation, anorexia, weight loss, dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, dry mouth, increased sweating
3) uncommon (< 1%)
- skin rash, hives, chest pain, CNS stimulation (severe), Tourette's syndrome, hyperthermia, seizures, paranoia, tolerance & withdrawal with prolonged use
4) sudden death at usual doses in children and adolescents with structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems [4]
5) reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
Laboratory:
- dextroamphetamine in serum/plasma
- dextroamphetamine in urine
Interactions
drug adverse effects (more general classes)
General
amphetamine (Mydayis)
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route LIVER
pregnancy-category C
safety in lactation -
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
- MedWatch, Food and Drug Administration
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2006/safety06.htm#Dexedrine
Component-of
Adderall (dextroamphetamine/racemic amphetamine)
amphetamine/aspartate/dextroamphetamine
amphetamine/dextroamphetamine
aspartate/dextroamphetamine