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deoxyribonuclease [DNase]-1 (DNASE1, DNL1, DRNI)
Function:
- role in cell death by apoptosis
- binds specifically to G-actin & blocks actin polymerization (putative)
- endonucleolytic cleavage to 5'-phosphodinucleotide & 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products
Cofactor: divalent cations, prefers Ca+2 or Mg+2
Structure: belongs to the Dnase 1 family
Compartment:
- secreted
- nucleus envelope
- stored in zymogen granules & found in the nuclear envelope
Expression:
- principally in tissues of the digestive system
- highest levels found in urine, but also relatively abundant in semen & saliva
Polymorphism: at least 6 alleles of DNASE1 are known: DNASE1*1 to DNASE1*6
Pathology:
- DNASE1 phenotypes have been shown to be associated with liver diseases
Pharmacology:
- available under the name Pulmozyme (Genentech)
- used to reduce the viscosity of cystic fibrosis sputum by hydrolyzing the extracellular DNA released by degenerating leukocytes that accumulate in response to infection (see dornase alpha)
Specific
dornase alfa; nebulized recombinant human DNase (Pulmozyme, rhDNAse, nrhDNAse)
General
endodeoxyribonuclease
glycoprotein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 282 aa
MW = 31 kD
COMPARTMENT: cell nucleus
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-22}
N-glycosylation site {N40}
glutamate residue {E100}
cysteine residue {C123}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C126}
cysteine residue {C126}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C123}
N-glycosylation site {N128}
histidine residue {H156}
cysteine residue {C195}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C231}
cysteine residue {C231}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C195}
Database Correlations
OMIM 125505
MORBIDMAP 125505
UniProt P24855
Pfam PF03372
ENZYME 3.1.21.1
References
- UniProt :accession P24855
- Wikipedia, Deoxyribonuclease entry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxyribonuclease