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cytokeratin, epithelial keratins or soft alpha-keratins
Classification:
- acidic or type 1 cytokeratins (40-55 kD)
- basic or type 2 cytokeratins (56-70 kD)
- high or low molecular weight cytokeratins
- simple epithelial keratins
- complex keratins (keratins of stratified epithelia)
Function:
- a group of proteins 40-68 kD that form intermediate filaments of epithelial cells
- various epithelial cells produce different cytokeratins
- in general, each acidic cytokeratin pairs with a basic cytokeratin to form intermediate filaments
Structure:
- 40-70 kD
- heterotetramers of 2 type 1 & 2 type 2 keratins
Expression:
- epithelial cells
Pathology:
- antibodies to cytokeratins are used for histolgical typing of tumors; these antibodies are useful for distinguishing carcinomas from sarcomas, lymphomas & melanomas
Related
cytokeratin Ag in tissue
cytokeratin cells in blood
keratinopathy
pancytokeratin Ag in tissue
Specific
acidic cytokeratin; cytokeratin type 1
basic cytokeratin; cytokeratin type 2
cytokeratin 1B
cytokeratin 5b (K5b)
cytokeratin 6 (K6)
cytokeratin-22 (keratin, type I cytoskeletal 22)
cytokeratin-25 (keratin, type I, inner root sheath specific 25B)
cytokeratin-25 (keratin, type I, inner root sheath specific 25C)
cytokeratin-25A (keratin, type I, inner root sheath specific 25A)
cytokeratin-25D (keratin, type I, inner root sheath specific 25D)
cytokeratin-39 (keratin, type-1 cytoskeletal 39, keratin-39, K39, type-1 hair keratin Ka35, KRT39, KA35)
cytokeratin-40 (keratin, type-1 cytoskeletal 40, keratin-40, K40, type-1 hair keratin Ka36, KRT40, KA36)
cytokeratin-71 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 71, keratin-71, K71, type-2 keratin-34, type-2 inner root sheath-specific keratin- K6irs1, keratin 6 irs, hK6irs, hK6irs1, KRT71, K6IRS1, KB34, KRT6IRS1)
cytokeratin-72 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 72, keratin-72, type-2 keratin-35, type-2 inner root sheath-specific keratin-K6irs2, KRT72, K6IRS2, KB35, KRT6, KRT6IRS2)
cytokeratin-73 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 73, keratin-73, type-2 keratin-36, type-2 inner root sheath-specific keratin-K6irs3, KRT73, K6IRS3, KB36, KRT6IRS3)
cytokeratin-74 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 74, keratin-74, type-2 keratin-37, type-2 inner root sheath-specific keratin-K6irs4, keratin-5c, KRT74, K6IRS4, KB37, KRT5C, KRT6IRS4)
cytokeratin-75 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 75, keratin-75, type-2 keratin-18, type-2 keratin-K6hf, keratin-6 hair follicle, hK6hf, KRT75, K6HF, KB18)
cytokeratin-78 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 78, keratin-78, type-2 keratin-40, keratin-5b, KRT78, K5B, KB40)
cytokeratin-79 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 79, keratin-79, type-2 keratin-38, keratin-6-like, keratin-6L, KRT79, K6L, KB38, KRT6L)
cytokeratin-80 (keratin, type-2 cytoskeletal 80, keratin-80, type-2 keratin-20,KRT80, KB20)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 10; cytokeratin-10; CK-10; keratin-10; K10 (KRT10 KPP)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 12; cytokeratin-12; CK-12; keratin-12; K12 (KRT12)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 13; cytokeratin-13; CK-13; keratin-13; K13 (KRT13)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 14; cytokeratin-14; CK-14; keratin-14; K14 (KRT14)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 15; cytokeratin-15; CK-15; keratin-15; K15 (KRT15 KRTB)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 16; cytokeratin-16; CK-16; keratin-16; K16 (KRT16, KRT16A)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 17; cytokeratin-17; CK-17; keratin-17; K17; p39.1 (KRT17)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 27 (cytokeratin-27, keratin-27, type 1 inner root sheath-specific keratin-K25irs3, KRT27, KRT25C)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 28 (cytokeratin-28, keratin-28, type 1 inner root sheath-specific keratin-K25irs4, KRT28, KRT25D)
keratin, type 1 cytoskeletal 9; cytokeratin-9; CK-9; keratin-9; K9 (KRT9)
keratin, type 2 cytoskeletal 1; cytokeratin-1; CK-1; keratin-1; K1; 67 kD cytokeratin; hair alpha protein (KRT1 KRTA)
keratin, type 2 cytoskeletal 2 epidermal; cytokeratin-2e; CK 2e; K2e; keratin-2 (KRT2, KRT2A, KRT2E)
keratin, type 2 cytoskeletal 2 oral; cytokeratin-2P; CK 2P; K2P; keratin-76; K76 (KRT76, KRT2B, KRT2P)
keratin, type 2 cytoskeletal 3; cytokeratin-3; CK-3; keratin-3; K3; 65 kD cytokeratin (KRT3)
keratin, type 2 cytoskeletal 4; cytokeratin-4; CK-4; keratin-4; K4 (KRT4 CYK4)
keratin, type 2 cytoskeletal 5; cytokeratin-5; CK-5; keratin-5; K5; 58 kD cytokeratin (KRT5)
keratin, type I cytoskeletal 18; cytokeratin-18; CK-18; keratin-18; K18; cell proliferation-inducing gene 46 protein (KRT18, CYK18, PIG46)
keratin, type I cytoskeletal 19; cytokeratin-19; CK-19; keratin-19; K19 (KRT19)
keratin, type I cytoskeletal 20; cytokeratin-20; CK-20; keratin-20; K20; protein IT (KRT20)
keratin, type I cytoskeletal 23; cytokeratin-23; CK-23; keratin-23; K23 (KRT23)
keratin, type I cytoskeletal 24; cytokeratin-24; CK-24; keratin-24; K24; type I keratin-24 (KRT24 KA24)
keratin, type I cytoskeletal 25 (cytokeratin-25, keratin-25, type 1 inner root sheath-specific keratin-K25irs1, keratin 25A, KRT25, KRT25A)
keratin, type I cytoskeletal 26 (cytokeratin-26, keratin-26, type 1 inner root sheath-specific keratin-K25irs2, keratin 25B, KRT26, KRT25B)
keratin, type II cytoskeletal 7; cytokeratin-7; CK-7; keratin-7; K7; sarcolectin (KRT7, SCL)
keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8; cytokeratin-8; CK-8; keratin-8; K8 (KRT8 CYK8)
keratin-77; keratin type 2 cytoskeletal 1b (KRT77, KRT1B)
General
keratin
Properties
CONFIGURATION: oligomer
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
MOTIF: O-glycosylation site {N-TERMINAL}
rod-like {central-region}
MOTIF: alpha helix
coiled coil
glutamate-rich region {C-TERMINAL}
MOTIF: glutamate residue (SEVERAL)
Ser phosphorylation site (SEVERAL)
MOTIF-SEQUENCE: KSP
References
- Schweizer J, et al
New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins.
J Cell Biol. 2006 Jul 17;174(2):169-74. Epub 2006 Jul 10.
PMID: 16831889