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phosphorylated tau in CSF

Also see: - phosphorylated tau181 in plasma - phosphorylated tau217 in plasma Clinical significance: - CSF p-tau more more closely with PET scan cerebral beta-amyloid than with neurofibrillary tangles [3] - N-terminal phospho-tau181 in CSF & N-terminal phospho-tau217 in CSF with concordance of 88.2%, better than mid phospho-tau181 in CSF with either N-terminal measure [2] - phosphorylated serine-262 (p-tau262) & phosphorylated serine-356 (p-tau356) within a soluble tau assembly core identify prefibrillar tau aggregates [4] - prefibrillar tau aggregates identify Alzheimer pathology prior to formation of neurofibrillary tangles [4] Increases: - increases in patients with Alzheimer's disease - increases in 4th decade in patients with Down syndrome [1]

General

microtubule-associated protein tau in CSF

References

  1. Clinical and biomarker changes of Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome: A cross-sectional study. Lancet 2020 Jun 27; 395:1988. PMID: 32593336 Free PMC article https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30689-9/fulltext - Head E, Ances B. Biomarkers in Down syndrome can help us understand Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 2020 Jun 27; 395:1951 PMID: 32593327 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30916-8/fulltext
  2. Karikari TK et al Head-to-head comparison of clinical performance of CSF phospho-tau T181 and T217 biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. Alzheimers & Dementia 2020. Nov 30 PMID: 33252199 https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/alz.12236
  3. Therriault J, Vermeiren M, Servaes S et al Association of Phosphorylated Tau Biomarkers With Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography vs Tau Positron Emission Tomography. JAMA Neurol. Published online December 12, 2022 PMID: 36508198 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/2799180
  4. George J Alzheimer's Test Detects Tau Pathology Before Tangles Form. Detecting soluble tau assemblies early may improve Alzheimer's treatment outcomes. MedPage Today February 11, 2025 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/alzheimersdisease/114181 - Islam T, Hill E, Abrahamson EE et al Phospho-tau serine-262 and serine-356 as biomarkers of pre-tangle soluble tau assemblies in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Med. 2025 Feb 10. PMID: 39930142 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-03400-0

Component-of

phosphorylated tau/Abeta42 in CSF