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cryptochrome 1 (CRY1)
Function:
1) blue light-dependent regulator of the circadian feedback
2) component of the circadian core oscillator
3) inhibits CLOCK|NPAS2-BMAL1 E box-mediated transcription via stabilizing unphosphorylated form of BMAL1
4) acts, in conjunction with CRY2, in maintaining period length & circadian rhythmicity
5) no photolyase activity
6) translocates circadian clock core proteins, including PER proteins to the nucleus (putative)
7) interacts directly with TIMELESS & the PER proteins
8) interacts directly with PER1 & PER2 C-terminal domains
- interaction with PER2 inhibits its ubiquitination & vice versa
9) binds MAPK
10) phosphorylation on Ser-247 by MAPK important for the inhibition of CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activity
10) phosphorylation by CSNK1E requires interaction with PER1 or PER2
Cofactor:
1) binds 1 FAD per subunit
2) binds 1 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate non-covalently per subunit
Structure:
1) belongs to the DNA photolyase class-1 family
2) contains 1 DNA photolyase domain
Compartment:
- cytoplasm, nucleus
- translocated to the nucleus via interaction with other Clock proteins
Expression:
1) regulated by light & circadian rhythms.
2) peak expression in the suprachiasma nucleus & eye at the day/night transition
3) levels decrease with BMAL1-CLOCK inhibition as part of autoregulatory feedback loop
General
carrier protein (transporter)
phosphoprotein
Properties
SIZE: MW = 66 kD
entity length = 586 aa
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
cell nucleus
MOTIF: DNA photolyase {3-178}
binding site
SITE: 211-488
FOR-BINDING-OF: flavin adenine dinucleotide
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S247}
CLOCK-BMAL1-inhibition {371-470}
Database Correlations
OMIM 601933
UniProt Q16526
PFAM correlations
Entrez Gene 1407
References
- UniProt :accession Q16526
- OMIM :accession 601933