Search
corporal punishment; spanking
physical punishment including deliberate infliction of pain as disciplinary action for unacceptable behavior
Contraindications:
- pediatric group recommends against spanking [4]
- may make kids more aggressive
Complications:
- increased risk of adult mental problems
- mood disorders
- anxiety disorders
- alcohol or drug abuse or dependence
- personality disorders [2]
- corporal physical punishment in childhood is associated with increased risk of arthritis (RR = 1.25) & obesity (RR = 1.2) in adulthood [3]
General
punishment
domestic violence (includes intimate partner violence)
References
- Wikipedia: Corporal punishment
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporal_punishment
- Afifi TO et al.
Physical punishment and mental disorders: Results from a
nationally representative US sample.
Pediatrics 2012 Aug; 130:184.
PMID: 22753561
- Afifi TO et al
Harsh Physical Punishment in Childhood and Adult Physical
Health.
Pediatrics. July 15, 2013
PMID: 23858428
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/10/peds.2012-4021.abstract
- Sege RD, Siegel BS. COUNCIL ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT,
COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH.
Effective Discipline to Raise Healthy Children.
Pediatrics. November 2018
PMID: 30397164
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2018/11/01/peds.2018-3112