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common comorbidities in patients with COPD
Complications:
- cardiovascular disease
- coronary artery disease
- myocardial infarction
- stroke
- heart failure
- peripheral arterial disease
- cancer
- lung cancer
- prostate cancer
- hypercholesterolemia
- hypertension
- gastroesophageal reflux disease
- depression (screen for depression)
- osteoporosis
- diabetes mellitus type 2
- glaucoma
- cataracts
- erectile dysfunction
- osteoarthritis
- chronic sinusitis
- sleep apnea
Related
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
General
comorbidity
References
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16,
American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012