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benztropine (Cogentin)
Tradename: Cogentin.
Indications:
1) Parkinson's disease presenting primarily with tremor
2) extrapyramidal reactions induced by antipsychotic agents
- exception is tardive dyskinesia [5]
3) parkinsonism
4) post-encephalitic parkinsonism [6]
Dosage: 1-2 mg IM/PO QD/BID.
Tabs: 0.5, 1, 2 mg.
Injection: 1 mg/mL, 2 mL vials.
Adverse effects:
1) common (> 10%)
- constipation
- decreased sweating
- dry mouth, nose, throat or skin
2) less common (1-10%)
- decreased flow of breast milk, difficulty swallowing photosensitivity
3) uncommon (< 1%)
- skin rash, confusion especially in elderly, intraocular pain, orthostatic hypotension, bloating, urinary retention in men, blurred vision, closed-angle glaucoma, drowsiness, headache, loss of memory, nausea/vomiting, weakness, tiredness, ataxia, paralytic ileus, visual hallucinations, tachycardia, palpitations, ventricular fibrillation
Drug interactions:
1) anticholinergics
2) CNS depressants
Laboratory:
- benztropine in specimen
- benztropine in gastric fluid
- benztropine in serum/plasma
- benztropine in urine
Mechanism of action:
1) anticholinergic agent
2) little effect on hypokinesia or rigidity
Interactions
drug interactions
drug adverse effects of parasympatholytics
General
parasympatholytic (anticholinergic, antimuscarinic agent)
pharmacologic agents for treatment of Parkinson's disease
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route LIVER
KIDNEY
pregnancy-category C
safety in lactation ?
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996.
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill pg 477
- Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders,
Philadelphia, 1996, pg 1052
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998.
- Rosenheck R et al, JAMA 290:2693, 2003
PMID: 14645311
- Deprecated Reference
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary