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chronic pyelonephritis (xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis)
Etiology:
1) acute pyelonephritis associated with reflux nephropathy
2) nephrolithiasis (xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis)
Pathology:
- xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
Clinical manifestations:
1) may present insidiously
2) renal insufficiency
3) hypertension
4) salt wasting
Laboratory:
1) low urine osmolality
2) hyperkalemia
Radiology:
1) computed tomography (CT)
2) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
3) renal ultrasound
4) small kidneys
5) asymmetric cortical scars
Management:
1) surgical resection of abscessed areas
2) antibiotic therapy
Related
reflux nephropathy
General
pyelonephritis
chronic kidney disease (CKD)
References
Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American
College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998