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chloride (Cl-) in serum/plasma

Reference values: - Male & Female: 98 - 107 mmol/L (serum) Clinical significance: - chloride is the major anion in the extracellular water space - physiological significance is in maintaining proper body water distribution, osmotic pressure, & normal anion-cation balance in the extracellular fluid compartment Increases: 1) also see hyperchloremia 2) clinical disorders a) dehydration b) renal tubular acidosis c) acute renal failure d) diabetes insipidus e) metabolic acidosis associated with prolonged diarrhea & bicarbonate loss f) salicylate intoxication g) respiratory alkalosis h) hyperparathyroidism, primary (some cases) i) head injury with hypothalamic dysfunction j) adrenocortical hyperfunction k) excessive infusion of isotonic saline 3) pharmaceutical agents: a) in vivo effects -> acetazolamide, chlorides, oxyphenbutazone, phenylbutazone b) chemical interferences -> bromide (non-specific methods) Decreases: 1) also see hypochloremia 2) clinical disorders a) excessive sweating b) prolonged vomiting from any cause c) gastric suction (persistent) d) persistent gastric secretion e) salt-losing nephritis f) Addisonian crisis g) metabolic acidosis with anion-gap h) hyperaldosteronism i) hypokalemia associated with metabolic alkalosis j) chronic respiratory acidosis k) cerebral salt wasting after head injury l) water intoxications & other syndromes of expanded extracellular fluid volume m) acute intermittent porphyria n) SIADH o) bromide intoxication p) congestive heart failure 3) overhydration 3) pharmaceutical agents: -> in vivo effects -> ACTH, corticosteroids, ethacrynic acid, furosemide, triamterene Principle: - see chloride (Cl-) in body fluid Specimen: - see chloride (Cl-) in body fluid Interferences: - - see chloride (Cl-) in body fluid

Related

Cl- (chloride) hyperchloremia hypochloremia

General

chloride in serum/plasma/blood

References

  1. Kodak Ektachem 700 Analyzer Operator's Manual, Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York.
  2. Kodak Ektachem Slide Package Inserts, Kodak Clinical Products Rochester, New York.
  3. Kodak Ektachem Training Manual, Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York.
  4. Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods, 19th edition, J.B. Henry (ed), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA. 1996, pg 10.
  5. Chloride, Serum or Plasma Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 20003
  6. Panel of 11 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 20144
  7. Panel of 9 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 20399
  8. Panel of 15 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 20408
  9. Panel of 5 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 20410

Component-of

chemistry 14 panel (comprehensive metabolic panel, CMP, chem 12, SMA12, SMA20) chemistry 7 panel (Chem-7 SMA7) chemistry 8 panel (basic metabolic panel, BMP, basic chemistry panel) chemistry 8 panel with ionized calcium; basic metabolic panel (BMP) with ionized calcium electrolytes in CSF electrolytes in serum