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Cheyne-Stokes respiration (includes: high altitude periodic breathing)

Respiratory periods of hyperpnea & apnea. Etiology: 1) may be normal in children & aged individuals 2) heart failure 3) uremia 4) respiratory depression secondary to pharmacologic agent 5) CNS injury a) cerebral hemispheres, bilateral b) diencephalon 6) common at high altitudes (high altitude periodic breathing) Clinical manifestations: - repeated awakenings from sleep - dyspnea - fatigue related to poor sleep quality [4] Complications: - central sleep apnea Management: - treat underlying condition [2] - adaptive servo-ventilation for patients with Cheyne-Stokes respiration & heart failure [5]

General

abnormal respiration

References

  1. Guide to Physical Examination & History Taking, 4th edition, Bates B, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1987
  2. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012
  3. Yumino D, Bradley TD. Central sleep apnea and Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2008 Feb 15;5(2):226-36 PMID: 18250216
  4. Schoene RB. Illnesses at high altitude. Chest. 2008 Aug;134(2):402-16 PMID: 18682459
  5. Geriatric Review Syllabus, 9th edition (GRS9) Medinal-Walpole A, Pacala JT, Porter JF (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2016
  6. Miyata M, Yoshihisa A, Suzuki S et al Adaptive servo ventilation improves Cheyne-Stokes respiration, cardiac function, and prognosis in chronic heart failure patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Cardiol. 2012 Sep;60(3):222-7. PMID: 22727431 Free Article
  7. Sleep at High Altitude http://www.altitude.org/sleep_at_high_altitude.php