Contents

Search

daunorubicin, daunomycin; DNR (Cerubidine, DaunoXome)

Daunorubicin HCl & Daunorubicin citrate (liposomal). Tradenames: - DaunoXome. Daunorubicin citrate (liposomal) - Cerubidine. Daunorubicin HCl Indications: 1) used in combination with other agents in the treatment of leukemias 2) used for induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) 3) HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (liposomal) 4) Wilm's tumor, neuroblastoma [3] Contraindications: 1) congestive heart failure 2) cardiac arrhythmia 3) pre-existing bone marrow suppression Dosage: Lyophilized powder for injection: 10, 20, 50, 200 mg. Monitor: 1) evaluate cardiac, renal & hepatic function prior to each dose 2) CBC prior to each dose, Hold if neutrophil count < 750/mm3 3) monitor uric acid Adverse effects: 1) common (> 10%) - alopecia (reversible) - reddish discoloration of the urine - stomatitis (3-7 days after administration) - nausea/vomiting (50%) within 1st 24 hours - fatigue, headache, abdominal pain, anorexia, neuropathy, cough, dyspnea, rhinitis, infection 2) less common (1-10%) a) gastrointestinal - GI ulceration - diarrhea b) cardiac toxicity: CHF maximum lifetime dose - 550 mg/mm2 in adults - 400 mg/mm2 in patients receiving chest irradiation - 300 mg/mm2 in children > 2 years of age - 10 mg/kg in children < 2 years of age c) myelosuppression - leukopenia more significant than thrombocytopenia - onset 7 days - nadir 14 days - recovery 21-28 days d) hyperuricemia e) hypertension, palpitations, syncope, tachycardia, chest pain, edema, depression, dizziness, insomnia, malaise, pruritus, hot flashes, constipation, tenesmus, arthralgia, myalgia, abnormal vision, sinusitis 3) uncommon (< 1%) - skin rash, myocarditis/pericarditis, pigmentation of nail beds, abnormal liver function tests, chills, fertility impairment Drug interactions: - incompatible with NaHCO3, 5-fluorouracil, heparin, dexamethasone Mechanism of action: 1) anthracyclin antibiotic 2) inhibits topoisomerase II 3) interferes with DNA synthesis

Interactions

drug interactions drug adverse effects of anthracyclines

General

anthracycline

Properties

INHIBITS: topoisomerase MISC-INFO: pregnancy-category D

Database Correlations

PUBCHEM correlations

References

  1. Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
  2. Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
  3. Deprecated Reference

Component-of

cytarabine/daunorubicin; CPX-351 (Vyxeos)