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cefoxitin (Mefoxin)
Tradename: Mefoxin. 2nd generation cephalosporin.
Indications:
- treatment of bacterial infections due to susceptible organisms
- urogenital infection
- gonorrhea
- pelvic inflammatory disease
- endometritis
- proctitis
- pneumonia, pulmonary abscess
- intra-abdominal infection
- abdominal abscess
- bacterial peritonitis
- skin or soft tissue infection
- cellulitis
- infectious arthritis, osteomyelitis
- prophylaxis for perioperative infection
- gastrointestinal surgery
- transurethral resection of the prostate
- hysterectomy
- cesarean section
Dosage: 1-2 g IV/IM every 6-8 hours.
Antimicrobial activity:
Gram positive
- Streptococcus
- Streptococcus group A
- Streptococcus group B
- Streptococcus group C
- Streptococcus group G
- Streptococcus pneumonia
- Streptococcus viridans, milleri
- Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
- Staphylococcus epidermidis (+/-)
Gram negative
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Escherichia coli
- Klebsiella species
- Salmonella species
- Shigella species
- Proteus mirabilis
- Proteus vulgaris
- Providencia species
- Morganella species
- Morganella morganii [5]
- Citrobacter species (+/-)
- Aeromonas species (+/-)
- Yersinia enterocolitica (+/-)
- Haemophilus ducreyi
Anaerobes
- Bacteroides fragilis
- Bacteroides melaninogenicus
- Clostridium species
- Peptostreptococcus species
Adverse effects:
1) hypersensitivity
2) skin rash
3) eosinophilia
4) thrombocytopenia
5) neutropenia
6) leukopenia
7) dyspepsia
8) thrombophlebitis
9) laboratory anomalies
a) positive direct Coomb's test
b) increased serum transaminases (AST, ALT)
c) increased serum alkaline phosphatase
d) increased serum urea nitrogen & creatinine
Laboratory:
1) specimen:
a) serum
b) keep specimen on ice-water
c) centrifuge at 4 degrees C
d) remove cells as soon as possible
e) freeze at -70 degrees C until assayed
2) methods: HPLC, MB
3) interferences:
-> cefoxitin reacts with picrate in Jaffe method of serum creatinine determination (falsely increases serum creatinine)
Interactions
drug interactions
drug adverse effects of cephalosporins
General
cephalosporin, 2nd generation
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route KIDNEY
1/2life 42 MIN
protein-binding 65-80%
elimination by hemodialysis +
peritoneal dialysis -
pregnancy-category B
safety in lactation ?
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed.
Companion Handbook. Isselbacher et al (eds),
McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1995, pg 162
- Sanford Guide to antimicrobial therapy 1997
- Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed.,
W.B. Saunders, 1995
- Deprecated Reference
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary